Bungwe la WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE)pa Katemera wapereka malingaliro akanthawi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka katemera wa COVID-19 woletsedwa, Sinovac-CoronaVac, wopangidwa ndi Sinovac/China National Pharmaceutical Group.

Ndani ayenera kulandira katemera kaye?

Ngakhale kuti katemera wa COVID-19 ali ndi malire, ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodziwika komanso okalamba ayenera kukhala patsogolo pa katemera.

Mayiko akhoza kutanthauzaMapu otsogolera a WHOndiWHO Values ​​Frameworkmonga chitsogozo cha kuika patsogolo magulu omwe akuwafuna.

Katemerayu ndi osavomerezeka kwa anthu ochepera zaka 18, poyembekezera zotsatira za kafukufuku wazaka zomwezo.

Kodi amayi apakati ayenera katemera?

Zomwe zilipo pa katemera wa Sinovac-CoronaVac (COVID-19) mwa amayi oyembekezera ndizosakwanira kuwunika mphamvu ya katemera kapena kuopsa kokhudzana ndi katemera pa nthawi yapakati.Komabe, katemerayu ndi katemera wopanda mphamvu wokhala ndi chothandizira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakatemera ena ambiri omwe ali ndi mbiri yotetezedwa bwino, monga katemera wa Hepatitis B ndi Tetanus, kuphatikiza ndi amayi apakati.Kuchita bwino kwa katemera wa Sinovac-CoronaVac (COVID-19) mwa amayi oyembekezera kukuyembekezeka kufananizidwa ndi zomwe zimawonedwa mwa amayi omwe sali oyembekezera azaka zofanana.Maphunziro owonjezera akuyembekezeka kuwunika chitetezo ndi immunogenicity mwa amayi apakati.

Pakadali pano, WHO ikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito katemera wa Sinovac-CoronaVac (COVID-19) mwa amayi apakati pomwe phindu la katemera kwa amayi oyembekezera limaposa zoopsa zomwe zingachitike.Pofuna kuthandiza amayi oyembekezera kupanga izi, ayenera kupatsidwa chidziwitso chokhudza kuopsa kwa COVID-19 pathupi;ubwino wa katemera m'dera la miliri;ndi zofooka zamakono za deta ya chitetezo kwa amayi apakati.WHO samalimbikitsa kuyezetsa mimba musanatenge katemera.WHO samalimbikitsa kuchedwetsa kukhala ndi pakati kapena kuganizira zochotsa mimba chifukwa cha katemera.

Ndani winanso angamwe katemera?

Katemera akulimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi comorbidities omwe adziwika kuti akuwonjezera chiwopsezo cha COVID-19, kuphatikiza kunenepa kwambiri, matenda amtima ndi kupuma.

Katemera atha kuperekedwa kwa anthu omwe adakhalapo ndi COVID-19 m'mbuyomu.Zomwe zilipo zikuwonetsa kuti kubadwanso kwachizindikiro sikutheka mwa anthuwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo pa matenda achilengedwe.Chifukwa chake, atha kusankha kuchedwetsa katemera mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawiyi, makamaka pamene katemera ali wochepa.M'malo omwe kusiyanasiyana kwa nkhawa ndi umboni wa chitetezo chamthupi kumafalikira kale katemera pambuyo pa matenda atha kukhala oyenera.

Mphamvu ya katemera ikuyembekezeka kukhala yofanana ndi amayi oyamwitsa monga momwe amachitira akuluakulu ena.WHO imalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito katemera wa COVID-19 Sinovac-CoronaVac poyamwitsa amayi monga momwe amachitira akuluakulu ena.WHO savomereza kusiya kuyamwitsa pambuyo katemera.

Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) kapena omwe alibe chitetezo chokwanira ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a COVID-19.Anthu oterowo sanaphatikizidwe m'mayesero azachipatala odziwitsa za kuwunika kwa SAGE, koma popeza uyu ndi katemera wosabwerezabwereza, anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kapena omwe alibe chitetezo chamthupi ndipo ena mwa gulu lomwe akuyenera kulandira katemera atha kulandira katemera.Zidziwitso ndi uphungu, ngati kuli kotheka, ziyenera kuperekedwa kuti zidziwitse kawunidwe kawo phindu la phindu.

Kodi katemerayu ndi ndani?

Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya anaphylaxis ku gawo lililonse la katemera sayenera kutenga.

Anthu omwe ali ndi PCR yotsimikizika ya COVID-19 sayenera kulandira katemera mpaka atachira ku matenda oopsa ndipo njira zothetsera kudzipatula zakwaniritsidwa.

Aliyense amene ali ndi kutentha kwa thupi kupitirira 38.5 ° C ayenera kuchedwetsa katemera mpaka asakhalenso ndi kutentha thupi.

Kodi mlingo wovomerezeka ndi wotani?

SAGE imalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito katemera wa Sinovac-CoronaVac ngati Mlingo wa 2 (0.5 ml) woperekedwa mu mnofu.WHO imalimbikitsa pakadutsa milungu 2-4 pakati pa mlingo woyamba ndi wachiwiri.Ndibwino kuti anthu onse katemera alandire milingo iwiri.

Ngati mlingo wachiwiri ukuperekedwa pasanathe 2 masabata pambuyo woyamba, mlingo sayenera kubwereza.Ngati mlingo wachiwiriwo wachedwa kupitirira milungu inayi, uyenera kuperekedwa mwamsanga.

Kodi katemerayu akufanana bwanji ndi akatemera ena omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito kale?

Sitingafanizire katemera wamutu ndi mutu chifukwa cha njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimatengedwa popanga maphunzirowo, koma zonse, katemera onse omwe akwaniritsa Mndandanda wa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mwadzidzidzi wa WHO ndi othandiza kwambiri popewa matenda oopsa komanso kugona m'chipatala chifukwa cha COVID-19. .

Ndi zotetezeka?

SAGE yawunika mwatsatanetsatane zambiri zamtundu, chitetezo ndi mphamvu ya katemera ndipo yalimbikitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu azaka 18 ndi kupitilira apo.

Zambiri zachitetezo pakadali pano ndizochepa kwa anthu opitilira zaka 60 (chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa omwe atenga nawo gawo pamayesero azachipatala).

Ngakhale palibe kusiyana pakati pa chitetezo cha katemera mwa akuluakulu okalamba poyerekeza ndi achichepere omwe angayembekezere, mayiko omwe akuganizira kugwiritsa ntchito katemerayu mwa anthu opitirira zaka 60 ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa chitetezo.

Monga gawo la ndondomeko ya EUL, Sinovac yadzipereka kupitiriza kupereka deta yokhudzana ndi chitetezo, mphamvu ndi khalidwe pamayesero a katemera omwe akupitilira komanso kutulutsidwa kwa anthu, kuphatikizapo achikulire.

Kodi katemera amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kuyesa kwakukulu kwa gawo 3 ku Brazil kunawonetsa kuti Mlingo iwiri, yoperekedwa pakadutsa masiku 14, inali ndi mphamvu ya 51% motsutsana ndi matenda a SARS-CoV-2, 100% motsutsana ndi COVID-19, ndi 100% motsutsana ndi kugonekedwa m'chipatala kuyambira 14. patatha masiku atalandira mlingo wachiwiri.

Kodi imagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi mitundu yatsopano ya kachilombo ka SARS-CoV-2?

Mu kafukufuku wowunika, kuyerekeza kwamphamvu kwa Sinovac-CoronaVac mwa ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo ku Manaus, Brazil, pomwe P.1 idawerengera 75% ya zitsanzo za SARS-CoV-2 zinali 49.6% motsutsana ndi matenda azizindikiro (4).Kuchita bwino kwawonetsedwanso mu kafukufuku wowonera ku Sao Paulo pamaso pa kufalikira kwa P1 (83% ya zitsanzo).

Kuwunika m'malo omwe P.2 Variant of Concern anali kufalikira kwambiri - komanso ku Brazil - akuyerekeza mphamvu ya katemera wa 49.6% kutsatira osachepera mlingo umodzi ndikuwonetsa 50.7% milungu iwiri pambuyo pa mlingo wachiwiri.Zambiri zikapezeka, WHO isintha malingaliro moyenerera.

SAGE pakadali pano ikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito katemerayu, malinga ndi WHO Prioritization Roadmap.

Kodi zimateteza matenda ndi kufalitsa?

Pakadali pano palibe chidziwitso chokwanira chokhudzana ndi mphamvu ya katemera wa COVID-19 Sinovac-CoronaVac pakupatsirana kwa SARS-CoV-2, kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa matenda a COVID-19.

Pakadali pano, WHO ikukumbutsa za kufunika kokhalabe ndi maphunzirowa ndikupitilizabe kuchitapo kanthu pazaumoyo ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu zomwe ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yopewera matenda ndi kufalitsa.Izi zikuphatikiza kuvala chigoba, kuyenda kutali, kusamba m'manja, kupuma komanso kutsokomola, kupewa anthu ambiri komanso kuonetsetsa kuti pamakhala mpweya wokwanira malinga ndi upangiri wadzikolo.